Enter a garden with a well done water feature and, instantly, a sense of wellbeing washes over you. It could be because of the soothing sound; the cooling, reflective qualities; or the sight of fish frolicking among aquatic plants. Whatever the reason, the presence of water in a garden creates a relaxing environment—which explains why so many people add a water feature to their wish list when designing or refreshing a garden.
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However, like most things in this world, there are pros and cons to water features. Knowing what lies ahead—the good and bad—can help you decide. So, before you build or buy a water feature, let’s break down the basics so that you can make an educated choice on whether this watery element is the right addition to your garden.
N.B.: Featured photograph by Jackie McKeon, from Garden Visit: Classic English Garden Style at Hollister House in Connecticut.
What are the different types of water features?
Many types of water features exist but here are some main ones to consider:
1. Bird baths.
2. Drilled rocks—made with materials such as slate, limestone, or sandstone—that have a hole on top through which water bubbles up.
3. Container ponds, often featuring barrels, metal containers, or large plastic vessels.
4. Pondless types that usually incorporate a large vessel or a drilled rock. The water flows up through the container or rock and then trickles down through rocks then recirculates back up. This style is perfect for families with dogs and/or young children as there is no risk of drowning and there is no water for dogs to go renegade swimming in.
5. Rills, which are basically narrow and shallow canals that stream water in a straight line. This style is perfect for classic or contemporary gardens.
6. Water blades, which are a modern feature where a blade allows a curtain of water to continuously flow over and into a small basin. You can either buy a pre-made one with a small blade already built in and has a basin, or you can custom build this style.
7. Wall fountains, a classic water feature for small patios that come in kits that are easy to install.
8. Streams/ponds, perfect for a woodland or Asian garden. Some gardens just have a pond, some a waterfall and a pond, and larger properties have a stream that flows into a pond.
What are the pros of water features?
- It can be one of a kind. You can totally think outside the box when it comes to water features and create a watery experience that suits your taste, style, and garden. You can hire a contractor or DIY a water feature that no one else has. The options for materials, size, and shape are endless. A quick Google search yields hours of inspiration.
- It can be instant satisfaction when you buy a pre-made water feature that comes with a pump, filter, and a power cord.
- It can be simple. I wanted an element of water in my garden but after knowing the cons of a larger, more complex feature, I settled on a simple bird bath. This serves two purposes: it helps my local feathered friends and adds a pleasant, subtle feel.
Water fountains can bring beauty and tranquility to your space, creating a serene and inviting atmosphere. But there are potential downsides and practical matters you need to consider. Factors like cost, maintenance, and placement all play a role in determining whether a fountain will be a delightful addition you're ready for or a greater commitment than you expected. Taking the time to weigh both the benefits and potential challenges will help you make a confident and informed decision about whether a fountain is the right choice for you.
What Are the Disadvantages of a Water Fountain?
The disadvantages of a water fountain depend on the person since people have different views on them. Some appreciate the visual appeal and calming effect, while others might be concerned about upkeep or long-term costs. Understanding your own priorities can help you determine if a fountain aligns with your lifestyle.
10 Important Considerations Before You Buy
1. Cost
Water fountains are an investment, especially if you're considering high-quality or larger fountains with expansive pool basins and multiple tiers. Beyond the initial purchase, costs can include professional installation (if it requires more than simple assembly), routine maintenance like cleaning and water treatments, and accessories such as fountain covers for winter protection and auto-refill devices to eliminate manual refills. You also need to budget for potential repairs or replacement parts that will be needed over time.
While additional energy and water usage may not be a major expense, it's still worth considering. Taking these expenses into account will help you determine if a fountain is a practical and worthwhile addition to your space.
2. Placement Considerations
Finding the ideal spot for your fountain is important for both how it works and how it looks. Fountains need to be placed on stable, level surfaces like concrete or packed gravel pads to operate effectively. If you're wondering whether a water fountain should be placed in the sun or shade, explore our article for more details. You'll also need easy access to power, a water source, and the right location to get the best view while also considering factors like wind (to minimize splashing) and sunlight exposure (to control algae growth).
Additionally, consider the distance from trees and plants to minimize leaves, dirt, insects, and debris falling into the water, which can lead to clogging and increased maintenance. Choosing the right location not only makes upkeep easier but also helps your fountain operate more efficiently.
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3. Installation
Setting up a fountain varies in difficulty depending on its size and design. Tabletop and smaller fountains with fewer parts can be a simple DIY project, while larger installations often require professional help. Most modern fountains are self-contained, using a pump to recirculate water and plug into a standard GFCI outlet, eliminating the need for additional plumbing or electrical work.
4. Energy Consumption
Most fountains rely on an electric pump to circulate water, with energy usage varying based on the fountain, pump wattage, energy costs in your area, and how long it operates each day — except for solar-powered models. If you're curious about whether water fountains use a lot of electricity and want to estimate the cost for the fountain you're considering, check out our article for more insight. Many homeowners are surprised by how little it adds to their electricity bill, but it's still worth considering.
5. Water Usage
Fountains experience water loss due to evaporation and splashing, but how quickly it happens depends on factors like climate, wind exposure, and the fountain’s design. That’s why you need to consider how often the fountain you choose will require refilling. In areas with water restrictions or drought conditions, this extra usage could be a concern. If you want to learn more about how fountains lose water and whether this leads to a lot of water waste, check out our articles.
6. Maintenance Requirements
Keeping your fountain looking and performing at its best requires regular attention. Over time, algae and debris—like dirt, leaves, pollen, grass clippings, and insects — accumulate in the water, affecting both appearance and function. Pumps aren’t immune to this buildup either, as filters and impellers can clog if not cleaned regularly. If you have hard water, it leaves behind mineral deposits that can cause stains, discoloration, and blockages. This adds becomes another cleaning task.
Water loss from evaporation and splashing also means periodic refilling is necessary to maintain proper water levels. To keep the water clear and prevent buildup, water treatments like clarifiers, algaecides, and descalers are essential. While it’s not a daily task, regular care is necessary to keep your fountain in good condition.
7. Winterization Tasks
In colder regions, properly winterizing your fountain is essential to prevent costly damage. When water freezes, it expands, which can cause fine lines and cracks depending on the material of your fountain or lead to pump damage. To avoid this, owners must drain, clean, and remove components like the pump, tubing, and fittings, then either cover the fountain or store it indoors if its weight allows — an important yearly task in many climates.
8. Noise Levels
Many people install fountains not only for their calming ambiance but also to mask street noise and other distractions. However, the sound they produce varies depending on the design — from steady streams and cascading waterfalls to gentle bubblers. Some fountains create a soothing background white noise, while others may sound too loud or not loud enough to achieve your desired effect. Water flow intensity, pump operation, and placement all play a role in how a fountain sounds, so it's important to choose one that complements both your space and your ambient sound preferences. Otherwise, you may end up stuck with a fountain that’s either too loud or too quiet for your taste.
9. Wildlife & Insect Attraction
Fountains naturally attract birds and small animals looking for water, which can be enjoyable for some but a nuisance for others. Droppings, feathers, and debris accumulate over time, clogging the pump and releasing nutrients that fuel algae growth. If water circulation isn’t maintained, fountains can attract mosquitoes and quickly become a breeding ground.
Some animals may scratch fountain surfaces, and their presence can attract larger pests like raccoons, which are drawn to water sources and smaller prey. To minimize unwanted visitors, limit nearby food sources, use pet-safe repellents like citrus sprays or vinegar solutions, or cover the fountain when not in use.
10. Safety Concerns
Fountains add beauty and tranquility, but there are also safety risks to keep in mind. Fountains with deep basins or large pools can pose a drowning hazard for young children and pets, while wet surfaces around them can become slippery. Curious pets may jump on the edge, and children might climb, lean, or sit on them, increasing the risk of tipping or falls. Placing the fountain in a safe location away from high-traffic areas and making sure it’s placed on a stable, level surface can help prevent accidents while keeping it enjoyable for everyone.
Effective Ways to Minimize Your Fountain Concerns
If you love the idea of a water fountain but are hesitant because of some of these drawbacks, there are practical solutions that can help you enjoy the benefits while minimizing some of the downsides.
Self-Contained Fountains for Simpler Setup
Self-contained fountains continuously recirculate water, eliminating the need for a dedicated water line. They're easier to install since they don’t require plumbing or electrical work, as they simply plug into any standard GFCI outlet. To learn more about their functionality, take a look at our article on how outdoor fountains work.
Energy-Efficient Pumps to Reduce Costs
Solar-powered and energy-efficient pumps offer cost-effective options that have a minimal impact on your electricity bills, making them an eco-friendly choice for fountains. Additionally, when properly maintained, they can be long-lasting, saving you money over time.
Automatic Refill Systems for Convenience
Installing an automatic refill device ensures consistent water levels without requiring your attention. These systems connect to your water supply and maintain proper levels, preventing the pump from running dry.
Weather-Resistant Materials for Durability
Fountains made from fiberglass, resin, or stainless steel can withstand various weather conditions better than traditional materials. This durability translates to fewer repairs and less maintenance over time.
Water Features That Require Minimal Maintenance
If you prefer a decorative water element with less upkeep, consider:
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Bubbling Rock Fountains: Water gently bubbles over stone surfaces and disappears into hidden underground basins, reducing algae growth.
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Pondless Waterfalls: These provide the visual and auditory pleasure of cascading water without an exposed pond, making maintenance simpler.
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Wall or Spillway Fountains: Water flows smoothly down vertical surfaces or from mounted spouts, requiring less cleaning than traditional basin designs.
Final Thoughts: Weighing the Pros and Cons
Water fountains can enhance any space, but they do have ongoing costs and require routine maintenance to stay in peak condition. Factors like water usage, maintenance costs, and potential repairs should be considered before making a decision. However, with the right setup and care, they can bring years of enjoyment. If you're still unsure, read our article on the 7 Powerful Benefits of Outdoor Water Fountains to explore their many advantages. Whatever you decide, having all the facts will help you make the right decision.
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