Everything You Need to Know About XPS Insulation - Sto Corp.

Extruded polystyrene (XPS) closed-cell, rigid XPS insulation significantly improves the energy efficiency of unfinished exterior and interior walls for remodeling and new construction. In addition, the XPS boards provide thermal resistance with an R-value of 4.6 to 5.0, depending on their density, to create a comfortable indoor temperature and reduce utility bills. Moisture-resistant XPS panel insulation, with an absorption rate of 0.3 percent, resists moisture intrusion during and after application to help protect against damaging and unhealthy mold and rot.

You will get efficient and thoughtful service from wuxing.

Lightweight, versatile, and simple to install, extruded polystyrene sheets typically come in 8-foot and 5-foot lengths, ranging from 16 inches to 4 feet wide and ¾-inch to 4-inches wide. The sheets come unfaced, and are covered with a foil facing, or laminated with plastic. The facing adds water resistance, and the lamination offers strength, but neither affects the sheets’ R-value. XPS sheets come in an array of colors (typically blue, green, and pink), based on the manufacturer, not insulating quality.

What is an XPS Insulation Board Used For?

Flexible XPS boards come in various compressive strengths, making them ideal for numerous applications in all areas of the building envelope:

• Above-grade insulation applications (walls, attics, ceilings, floors, and roofs)
• Below-grade walls (basements and foundation)
• Cool/refrigerated rooms
• In addition, you can use high compressive strength XPS panels to insulate rooftop parking garages and decks.

How is XPS Insulation Made?

Manufacturing XPS insulation involves combining polystyrene crystals with special additives and a gas blowing agent. Manufacturers feed the mixture into an extruding machine that blends and melts it into a thick liquid. The liquid then gets processed through a die, which expands it into foam, shapes, cools, and trims it into standard-sized rectangular or square boards, with surfaces according to the intended use.

XPS Surfaces

Specially designed machines produce XPS boards in smooth, rough, and grooved surfaces.

XPS Smooth Edge Panels

Demanding applications, like below-grade installation, utilize smooth XPS panels. Smooth, closed-cell XPS panels protect against absorption and diffusion due to long-term water exposure.

XPS Rough Surface Panels

Rough surfaces increase the adhesion of the facade plaster.

XPS Panels with Grooves

Grooves in the XPS panel enhance wall drainage and thermal insulation for foundations.

The Benefits of XPS Insulation

XPS insulation offers many benefits contributing to an eco-friendly, healthy, durable, and safe building envelope.

Energy-Efficient

XPS closed cell insulation, with an R-value of 4.6 and 5.0, gives it a high thermal resistance value, making it extremely energy efficient, by saving energy in buildings and reducing CO2 emissions.

Recyclable

100-percent recyclable XPS allows manufacturers to melt and reform the thermoplastic polystyrene resin into new XPS foam insulation.

XPS High Compressive Resistance

XPS insulation’s high compressive strength allows it to withstand a high pressure of >300 kPa, so it can withstand more than lbs ft2 (30,000 kilos m2) with a maximum deformation of 10 percent, making it ideal for challenging applications:

• Below-grade walls – foundations, basements, crawl spaces
• Perimeter insulation – protecting foundation walls from the side of the ground
• Inverted roofs – applying the waterproofing layer beneath instead of above the insulation
• Cavity walls – a wall with a hollow center
• Pitched roofs – roofs that slope downwards, often in two parts at an angle from a central ridge
• Walkable plates – the strength of XPS insulation makes it ideal for horizontal applications like floors, flat roofs, and heavily trafficked areas

Moisture-Resistant XPS Insulation

XPS insulation provides water and freeze-thaw resistance, to protect the insulation’s thermal performance from damaging rot and unhealthy mold. In addition, the high permeability of XPS insulation makes it ideal for bathrooms and other high-moisture rooms.

Simple to Install XPS Insulation

Lightweight XPS insulation allows for easy application without irritating the worker’s skin.

Problems with XPS Insulation

• The combustibility of polystyrene foam makes XPS’s proper installation vital to avoiding a fire hazard and the emission of toxic fumes.
• The blowing agents in the manufacturing process may deplete over time, lessening the insulation value.
• XPS’s low-permeability can lead to condensation and mold problems.
• Over time, the gas bubbles within the XPS leak out, leaving air that lessens the panels’ insulation value.
• Most building professionals do not recommend XPS insulation on flat roofs because it will deform above 80 degrees.

How to Install XPS Boards

Applying XPS insulation boards involves gluing the lightweight sheets to the substrate, which is much simpler than batts, blown-in fibers, or spray foam insulation. It is important to only use the manufacturer’s recommended foam-safe adhesive. The wrong glue can melt the foam. In addition, butt the sheets snugly together and seal joints with a manufacturer-recommended adhesive seam tape.

Tips for Filling Wall and Ceiling Cavities

To insulate the stud, joist, and rafter cavities, cut the sheets to fit snug in the cavities, inserting them flush with the framing. To prevent airflow that can diminish the R-value, fill gaps along the edges with expandable insulation foam, safe for use with XPS. You can increase the R-value in two-by-six and larger dimension framing by inserting an additional layer of rigid foam insulation.

Tips for Cutting the XPS Boards

You can simply cut thin XPS sheets (less than 2-inches) by holding the straight edge of a utility knife along the cut line, scoring it about 3/4-inch deep. After scoring, lay the sheet on a table scored side up with the cut about 1-inch off the table. Firmly hold the sheet down and snap along the line. Trim the rough edges with the utility knife

For thicker sheets (greater than 2-inch), you will need a handheld drywall saw, or a table saw.

Tips for Installing XPS on Exterior Sheathing

Installing 2-inch EPS boards on exterior sheathing requires additional furring strips or other structural supports. In addition, 2-inch XPS does not supply the strength needed to support the weight of the siding. Therefore, Sto strongly recommends that you check with your local building authority to determine the required type of additional support before installing 2-inch XPS as exterior sheathing.

Sto XPS Continuous Insulation Wall Systems

Sto offers superior, simple-to-apply cladding solutions for applying XPS to an exterior wall system compared to XPS insulation boards: StoTherm ci XPS and StoPanel XPS ci. In addition, Sto XPS CI wall systems meet the requirements of fire, energy, and green building codes.

Sto XPS Wall Systems meets the requirements of NFPA 285 and NFPA 268 for use on non-combustible construction (Types I-IV).

Sto XPS Wall Systems International Building Codes (IBC)

• Ch. 26: Types I-IV (non-combustible) Construction, Ignition Resistance, Surface Burning Characteristics
• Ch. 17: Special Inspections, Types I-IV (non-combustible) Construction
• Ch. 16: Structural – Transverse Wind Load Resistance
• Ch. 14: Exterior Insulation and Finish Systems, Weather Resistance
• Ch. 7: Fire Resistance Rated Construction

Sto XPS Wall Systems International Energy Conservation Code (IECC)

• Ch. 4: Continuous Insulation (ci) over Metal Frame Walls – All Climate Zones (with sufficient ci thickness)
• Ch. 4: Continuous Air Barrier

Sto XPS Wall Systems International Green Construction Code (IGCC)

Ch. 6: Energy Conservation, Efficiency and Atmospheric Quality (Section 606: Building Thermal Envelope insulation and Air Sealing) Alternative Compliance Path: ASHRAE 189.1-

Sto XPS Wall Systems ASHRAE 90.1

• Section 5: Building Envelope Continuous Insulation (ci) over Metal Frame Walls – All Climate Zones (with sufficient ci thickness)
• Section 5: Continuous Air Barrier

Sto XPS Wall Systems ASHRAE 189.1 Green Building Standards Compliance

• Normative Appendix A: Building Envelope
• Continuous Insulation (ci) over Metal Frame Walls – All Climate Zones (with sufficient ci thickness) Normative Appendix B: Continuous Air Barrier

StoTherm® ci XPS 

Durable StoTherm® ci XPS, one of StoTherm® ci wall systems, is a drainable exterior insulation finishing system that incorporates high R-value XPS insulation into the wall system, and StoGuard® fluid-applied air and moisture barrier, with Owens Corning Foamular CI-C or Dow STYROFOAM™ Panel Core 20 insulation. StoTherm® ci XPS produces water and airtight air walls to ensure superior durability and thermal efficiency.

The unique, durable system sustains maximum curb appeal and lowers energy bills to save money. In addition, StoTherm® ci XPS can be finished with a variety of Sto textured finishes or specialty aesthetic finishes to accommodate your building’s design needs.

StoPanel XPS ci Wall System

Lightweight StoPanel XPS ci prefabricated panels incorporate extruded insulation within the panel assembly, and create exterior wall cladding with excellent air and weather tightness, superior thermal performance, and long-lasting durability. In addition, architects and designers can choose from Sto’s numerous decorative and protective color and finish options.

StoPowerwall® ci with Crack Defense option

StoPowerwall® ci energy-efficient stucco wall systems include StoGuard® air and water-resistive barrier, Owens Corning or Dow Type IV XPS insulation board, Sto DrainScreen, and Sto textured finishes.
StoPowerwall ci integrates continuous XPS insulation, air/moisture barrier, drainage, and Sto’s extensive collection of aesthetic surfaces in a hard coat stucco system.

Sto Colors

Designers can use Sto’s unique Color System as a planning tool for choosing the colors for their architectural designs. The Sto Color System provides several benefits:

• Clear, logical system makes it quick and easy to understand
• Ensures reliable application of Sto’s endless and harmonic colors for use on exterior and interior
• Efficient, perception-oriented presentation media for all phases of color design

The Sto Color Collections include:

• Sto Color 800 Collection
• Sto Color Architectural Collection
• Sto Color Classic Collection
• Sto Color Southwest Collection

Sto Traditional Finishes

Sto’s extensive selection of finishes features pure white marble aggregate, acrylic polymers in various textures, and a wide range of color options to boost your design and harmonize with the surrounding environment. In addition, durable, high-performing Sto finishes resist dirt and water, protect the building’s facade, and enhance its curb appeal. Sto high-quality finishes include:

StoCast Finishes

Specialty Aesthetic Finishes

StoSignature

Sto Traditional Finishes

iQ Technology

Sto Has the Best XPS Wall Insulation Solutions

Sto offers superior, sustainable, simple-to-apply, multiple code-compliant cladding solutions for applying XPS to an exterior wall system compared to XPS insulation boards. Drainable StoTherm® ci XPS and StoPanel XPS ci create high-performing, sustainable, and attractive cladding systems, improve indoor comfort and air quality, save both money and energy, and ensure long-term durability:

• StoTherm® ci XPS integrates continuous XPS insulation, air/moisture barrier, drainage, and Sto’s extensive collection of aesthetic surfaces.
• StoPanel XPS ci incorporates XPS insulation within the panel assembly, to create a prefabricated finished exterior wall solution with a wide range of high-end aesthetic options.
• StoPowerwall ci integrates continuous XPS insulation, air/moisture barrier, drainage, and Sto’s extensive collection of aesthetic surfaces in a hardcoat stucco system.

XPS foam board, short for Extruded Polystyrene Foam Board, is a popular insulation material known for its durability, moisture resistance, and high compressive strength. It is widely used in the construction industry for various applications due to its excellent thermal insulation properties. Understanding the uses of XPS foam board can help you determine if it is the right material for your specific project.

For more information, please visit XPS foam board production plant.

1. Insulation in Building Construction

XPS foam board is primarily used as an insulation material in building construction. Its closed-cell structure makes it highly effective in reducing heat transfer, making it an excellent choice for both residential and commercial buildings.

Wall Insulation:

XPS foam board is commonly used in exterior walls to provide thermal insulation. It helps maintain a consistent indoor temperature by minimizing heat loss during the winter and reducing heat gain in the summer. This leads to improved energy efficiency and lower heating and cooling costs.

Roof Insulation:

In addition to walls, XPS foam board is also used for roof insulation. It can be installed on flat or sloped roofs to provide a protective barrier against temperature fluctuations. The board’s moisture resistance also makes it suitable for roofing applications where exposure to water is a concern.

Foundation Insulation:

XPS foam board is often used to insulate building foundations. By insulating the foundation, it helps prevent heat loss through the ground, reducing the risk of frost heave and improving the overall energy efficiency of the building.

XPS Foam Board

2. Waterproofing and Moisture Control

One of the key advantages of XPS foam board is its moisture resistance. Unlike other insulation materials, XPS does not absorb water, making it an ideal choice for applications where moisture control is essential.

Basement Insulation:

In basements, where moisture levels can be high, XPS foam board is used to provide insulation while preventing water infiltration. It can be installed on basement walls or floors to create a moisture-resistant barrier, protecting the interior from dampness and mold growth.

Under Slab Insulation:

XPS foam board is also used as under slab insulation in construction. It is placed beneath concrete slabs to provide thermal insulation and moisture protection. This application is particularly beneficial in cold climates where ground temperatures can significantly impact indoor comfort and energy efficiency.

3. Structural Support and Load-Bearing Applications

Due to its high compressive strength, XPS foam board is used in structural and load-bearing applications where both insulation and support are required.

Roadway and Railway Embankments:

In civil engineering projects, XPS foam board is used to construct roadway and railway embankments. Its lightweight yet strong nature makes it an effective material for stabilizing soil and providing a solid foundation while also offering insulation benefits.

Perimeter and Frost Protection:

XPS foam board is used to protect the perimeter of buildings and other structures from frost heave. By insulating the ground around the foundation, it helps prevent freezing and thawing cycles that can cause structural damage.

XPS Foam Board

4. Specialty Applications

Beyond traditional building insulation, XPS foam board is used in various specialty applications due to its versatility and reliability.

Architectural Models:

XPS foam board is commonly used by architects and designers to create scale models of buildings and landscapes. Its ease of cutting and shaping, along with its smooth surface, makes it ideal for detailed model construction.

Cold Storage and Refrigeration:

In the food industry, XPS foam board is used to insulate cold storage facilities and refrigeration units. Its excellent thermal insulation properties help maintain low temperatures, ensuring the proper storage of perishable goods.

5. DIY Projects and Crafts

XPS foam board is also popular in the DIY community for various craft and home improvement projects. Its lightweight and easy-to-handle nature make it a favorite material for creating custom decorations, signs, and props.

Theater and Set Design:

In theater and film production, XPS foam board is used to create lightweight, durable set pieces and props. Its versatility allows designers to create intricate designs that can be easily painted and customized.

Home Insulation Upgrades:

Homeowners often use XPS foam board for small-scale insulation upgrades, such as insulating garage doors, attics, or crawl spaces. It can be easily cut to size and installed in areas where additional insulation is needed.

Frequently Asked Questions About XPS Foam Board

Q: Is XPS foam board environmentally friendly?

A: XPS foam board is made from polystyrene, a type of plastic, which means it is not biodegradable. However, many manufacturers are working to produce more sustainable versions of XPS foam using recycled materials and eco-friendly blowing agents.

Q: Can XPS foam board be used outdoors?

A: Yes, XPS foam board is suitable for outdoor use due to its moisture resistance and durability. It is commonly used in roofing, foundation insulation, and other exterior applications where exposure to the elements is a concern.

Q: How is XPS foam board different from EPS foam board?

A: XPS (Extruded Polystyrene) and EPS (Expanded Polystyrene) foam boards are both used for insulation, but they differ in their manufacturing process and properties. XPS is denser, has a higher compressive strength, and is more moisture-resistant than EPS, making it better suited for applications requiring greater durability and insulation performance.

XPS foam board is a versatile and reliable material used in a wide range of applications, from building insulation to structural support and DIY projects. Understanding its properties and uses can help you make informed decisions for your construction or creative projects.

The company is the world’s best XPS board manufacturing line supplier. We are your one-stop shop for all needs. Our staff are highly-specialized and will help you find the product you need.