Understanding the Four Types of DIN Pneumatic and Hydraulic Fittings
This article discusses four prevalent types of DIN hydraulic fittings, including DIN 24° cone fittings, standard DIN fittings, metric standpipe fittings, and banjo fittings.
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The Basics of DIN Fittings
The DIN metric and BSPP (British Standard Parallel Pipe) are the most prevalent thread styles across Europe. DIN-type tube fittings adhere to ISO-1, DIN, and DIN EN standards, guaranteeing compatibility with major fitting brands.
1. DIN 24° Cone Fittings
The male and female components of a metric DIN 24° cone fitting feature straight metric threads. The outer diameter of the tube fits into a recessed counterbore that forms a 24° seat on the male fitting. The corresponding female component can be:
- A female metric DIN tube fitting
- A metric tube equipped with a cutting ring and nut
- A 24-degree cone with either a welded or end-formed O-ring on the metric tube.
The angle of the seat is measured from the centerline of the DIN hydraulic fitting using a 12° gauge. The seal occurs between the 24° seat of the male fitting and its corresponding female counterpart.
2. DIN Pressure Series
DIN fittings come in three pressure series: LL for Extra Light for low-pressure use, L for Light which accommodates medium pressures, and S for Heavy, suitable for high-pressure applications. These designs are identified by measuring both the thread size and pitch, as well as the outer diameter of the accompanying tube.
3. Metric Standpipe Fittings
A Metric Standpipe fitting consists of three pre-assembled components:
- Bite sleeve
- Nut
- Standpipe
These fittings enable connections between a metric tube and a 24° conical bore. As the nut is tightened onto a male DIN connection, the bite sleeve compresses around the standpipe tube to form a secure seal.
4. Banjo Fittings
In metric and BSPP (British Standard Parallel Pipe), banjo fittings comprise two parts: a perforated hollow bolt and a spherical union that facilitates fluid transfer. These fittings typically operate under medium to high-pressure conditions (up to 800 bar/11,600 psi).
A notable advantage of banjo fittings is that they maintain their orientation, preventing the hose from twisting while the fitting is secured. Additionally, they allow adjustments in the direction of the pipe exit concerning the fitting, enabling independent tightening of the bolt.
Banjo fittings find extensive use in various industries, particularly within automotive and mobile machinery sectors, including:
- Brake caliper connectors
- Fuel dosing for SCR systems (Selective Catalytic Reduction)
- Fuel filter connections
- Hydraulic clutch setups
- Power steering fluid lines
- Turbocharger oil feeds
- Variable valve timing systems
To delve deeper into DIN standards, applications, and specifications, DIN One Piece Hose Fittings OEM is recommended.
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